Machine for spinning, doubling, twisting, and the like, yarns, fibers, and the like



.'r. E. ANDREW ET AL Y 1,917,914

G, TWISTING, AND

ND THE LIKE Original Filed May 15, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet l THE LIKE, YARNS, FIBERS, A

July 11, 1933.

July 11, 1933- T. E. ANDREW E'r AL 1,9179914 MACHINE FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, TWISTING, AND THE LIKE, YARNS, FIBERS, AND THE LIKE Original Filed May 15, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 July ll, 1933. T. E. ANDREW Er Al. 1,917,914

MACHINE FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, TwIsTING, AND THE LIKE, YARNs, FIBERS, AND THE LIKE Original Filed May l5, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 July ll, 1933.` T. E. ANDREW Er AL.

MACHINE FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, TWI

STING, AND THE LIKE, YARNS, FIBERS, AND THE LIKE Original Filed May 15, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 35 www Patented July 11, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE THOMAS EDWIN ANDREW AND MELON LANGS-TRETH, OF ROCHDALE, ENGLAND, AS-

SIGNORS T O DUNLOP COTTON MILLS L COMPANY IMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, A BRITISH MACHINE FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, TWISTIN G, AND THE LIKE, YARNS', FIBERS, AND THE LIKE Application lled May 15, 1930, Serial No. 452,560, and in Great Britain May 21, 1929. Renewed July 22, i932.

This invention relates to spinning, twisting, doubling or the like machines of the kind, hereinafter called double twist machines, adapted to impart two or more twists to the roving, yarn, thread or the like, hereinafter called the yarn, at every single revolution of the spindle.

The object of our said invention is in general to simplify such machines to the utmost degree consonant with a high standard of eiiiciency and also considerably to increase the efficiency of such machines particularly from the point of view of uniformity of tension in the yarn produced.'

In double twist machines the yarn in transit during treatment is formed into a loop,

held relatively fast at points adjacent the wind-off bobbin, and the take-up reel I espectively, and the loop is rotated at lts closed end so that one leg of the said loop rotates about the other. Thus two twists are imparted to the yarn, one between each respective relatively fast point and the rotary point.

lt will be apparent that, with one leg of the said loop rotating wholly around the other, there arises a certain difficulty in 'mounting the relatively fast point associated undesirable.

More specifically, therefore, the present invention aims to provide a particularly simple and highly eiiicient arrangement whereby this swing is either prevented entirely or reduced so as to be practically negligible.

According to this invention, therefore, apparatus of the kind described is characterized in provision to break up or divide the period of oscillation or swing which the bobbin support would otherwise have about the spindle, so that any undesirable swing of the bobbin is either prevented or reduced, said bobbin support being adapted to have a plurality of oscillations of which-the amplitudes interfere with or oppose each other so as wholly or partly to neutralize each other or cancel out so as to effect said purpose.

In the preferred arrangement said bobbin support comprises a plurality of parts between which relative movement is adapted to take place if and when circumstances arise which otherwise would cause tliebobbin to swing, any such undesirable swing being thereby either prevented or reduced. Said parts are preferably connected together in an articulated, pivoted, hinged or similar flexible -manner.

The invention also aims to provide a simple and efficient arrangement for tensioning the yarn, means being provided in association with the provisions set out above, whereby the weight of the bobbin is utilized to the best advantage to effect the whole of or the main part of the tension required to be applied, provision being made to do this by particularly arranging the frictional resistance between the bobbin support and the bobbin, as by interposing a friction washer or the like between the two said parts.

Various other features and provisions of our invention will become apparent as the description proceeds.

As regards terminology, we have given certain terms a particular meaning so as to avoid the continual repetition of long explanatory phrases and we will, therefore, indicate here what we mean by these particular terms throughout the specification and claims.

By the term bobbin support7 we do not necessarily mean the direct connection between the bobbin and spindle, but the term i as we use .it includes both that and also the parts associated with it; in other words, the terni is used to include any part positioned between the bobbin and the rapidly rotating spindle whereupon it is stationarily mounted. When we desire to refer to said direct connection separately, we call it the part is altered in such a way that its time direct support. of swing is made shorter, this helping to The term bobbin we use in a general avoid the setting up of swing between the sense to mean -any convenient package of bobbin support and the spindle. yarn together with the parts associated with The bobbin support has to be of sufficient it such as the foundation upon which it is inertia to resist complete rotation with the wound. When, however, we desire to refer spindle on a sudden impulse. This would to such parts separately, we use the term normally mean a low center of gravity and spool, and when we desire to refer to the consequently a support having along period stock yarn separately, We call it the packof oscillation. If, however, we break the age support, we still preserve a low center of In order that our invention may be more gravity with the difference that we-introduce clearly understood andadily carried into al cans of having a high frequency oscillaeffect, the same will now be described with/ ion as one of the resulting oscillations. This reference to the accompanying drawings in high frequency oscillation called `into existwhichence with any break of equilibrium of the Fig. 1 is a side view partly in cross Sec- -bobbin support means that high damping tion through the preferred form of spindle Vfactors are called into play with consequent according to this invention. less persistence of rotational motion or swing. Figs. 2 to 10 inclusive, illustrate alterna; Also, the relative motion between the parts tive embodiments of the same. sets up friction at their connection surfaces,

Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic side view illusin this case the hinge, and it will be seen thatl trating a modified f orm of bobbin.; t this friction tends to damp out motion as Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic side view illuS- between the parts of the support and theretratin the invention appli/ed t0 doubling fore damp out oscillation of the support as and ca ling in one operation. n a Whole.

Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic side vieWllluS- These effects are referred to above more trating the invention applied t0 the tWlStlng particularly in connection with the instance or wrapping of one yarn or other filament shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings wherein the around another. direct support is a two-part hinged struc- Referring t0 Fig. 1, in this the preferred ture, but it should be understood that some embodiment Of OllI invention, the Spindle l or all of the said effects may be arrived at is mounted horizontally and the bobbin 2, by utilizing various yother arrangements. It which is in cheese form, is disposed VertiCalis difficult to specify precisely which or in 1y across the free end of said spindle. n what proportion these effects go to achieve the In this embodiment the means provided required result but, shortly stated, the main to effect the main purpose of our invention, requirement is to make provision whereby, if namely, to prevent swing of the bobbin, conand when circumstances arise which othersist in that the bobbin support is in two parts wise would cause the bobbin to swing, rela- 3 and 4, which are hinged together as shown tive motion is adapted to take place between 31,5, different parts of the bobbin support, this Thus the requirements of the invention are interaction in various ways setting up ell'ects met, namely, the swing which the bobbin which combine to achieve the required result. support would otherwise have on the Spln- It will be apparent that this relative niodle is broken up, said support being adapttion can be effected Aotherwise than with a ed to have a plurality of oscillations of which two-part structure. as in Fig. l, and even the amplitudes mutually interfere by reason with arrangements wherein the direct snpofthe fact that relative movement may take port between the bobbin and the spindle is place between the hinged parts if and when not of an articulated nature in the salue sense circumstances arise which otherwise would as in the structure shown in Fig. l. cause the bobbin support to swing. Before describing the particular construc- It will be seen that the part fitting on tion of the preferred embodiment of our inthe spindle can adjust itself more rapidly vention as illustrated in Fig. l, tlnrefore, we to a state of equilibrium than either a onewill refer to various alternative ways of piece support or the part neat to the bobbin, achieving similar results. thereby effecting a more rapid dissipation, In Fig. 2 the bobbin support` instead of and also a lessening of ultimate degree of being in two parts is in several.y that part of the forces transmitted by the spind e to the said support between the part 53 and the part support, tending to cause the support to 4 being in the forni of a chain-like structure swing. 6. Alternatively we may use a cable or the Also, owing to the lowering of the suslike,such arrangements bcinginore cspeciall)Y pension point of the part next to the bobbin, applicable to bobbin supports which have two this part being suspended not as before about suspension points axially aligned. that is, `one the center of the s indle, but about the hinge each side of the bobbin in line with the center 5, the frequency o this comparatively heavy of the spindle.

In further alternatives, the direct connection between the bobbin and the spindle, hereinafter called the direct support, may be 1n one piece or a plurality of pieces rigidly connected together, and a further .part or parts may be associated with this direct support, between which latter and said further parts tle required relative motion is adapted to take ace. p In Fig. 3 for instance, an auxiliary pendulum 7 is pivoted at 8 upon the direct suport 9, the latter as shown in the drawlngs, Being in this instance formed by two parts, via a bushing 9a and an angle bracket 9b similar, respectively, to 4the parts 3 and 4 in Fig. 1, but in this instance connected r1gidly together as shown at 9c.

Instead of supporting the bob 7a of the fi endulum 'i' with a rigid arm as shown in Fig. 3, said bob may alternatively beI supported flexibly, e. g., as shown in Fig. 4, it may he supported one each side of it. This flexible arm may be either fixedly or pivotally attached to the direct support 9.

gain, instead of supporting the pendulum bob 7a from one side only as in F 1g. 3, it may alternatively, as shown in igs. 5 and 6 be supported from both sides by arms 11a and 11b, the direct support 9 being arranged as shown at 11 to allow movement of said pendulum. This drawing also illustrates the fact that the direct support may be in one piece instead of a plurality of pieces rigidly joined together as for example 1n Fig. 3.

Where we use an auxiliary pendulum, we may allow it complete freedom of swing as in the example shown in Fig. 3 or, alternatively, we may restrict its swing, as by causing a part of it remote from its pivot to c0- act with the direct support.

In Fig. 7 for example, the arm of the pendulum 7 is provided with a projection 12 which engages a slot 13 in the direct sup' port 9, said projection, when relative movement occurs between said support and the" pendulum, contacting the end of said slot and so tending to arrest further swlng. In an arrangement of this kind, instead of the pendulum T being suspended on the direct support 9. it may as shown in Fig. 8 be suspended directly on the spindle.

Instead of or in addition to positive abutment as referred to above, the pendulum or a part of it may co-act with the direct support frictionally at a point remote from the pivot of said pendulum.

In Figs. 9 and 10 the desired relative movement takes place between the direct support 9 and a member or members such as balls, or as shown, rollers 14, adapted to move in a suitable channel 15 formed in or carried by said support 9. Instead of rollers we may Aquired capacit by `a chain l0 or two chains,

confine ourselves to the use of these auxiliaryl with a rigiddirect supparts in combination port-alternatively the lattermay be nonrigid, that isa hinged or articulated structure as in Figs..1 and 2.

Having now out-lined the preferred and various alternative ways of effecting the refor relative movement of the parts of the obbin support, we will now return to further consideration of the em'- bodiment according to Fig. 1, and its particular constructional features.

Referring to Fig. l, the part 3 is in the form of a cylindrical bushing or sleeve which ts over the reduced end of thespindle 1, ball or similar anti-friction ing interposed between said end as shown in the drawin This bearing is an advantageous feature inasmuch as the cause, or the main contributory cause, which starts the bobbin support swinging is in many instances momentary sleeve and said gs.

alteration of friction between the rapidly rfitating spindle and the bobbin support stationarily hung upon it and the use of ball or similar anti-friction bearings reduces these factors to a considerable extent.

The part 4 comprises a right angle bracket of which the horizontal leg carries the bobbin as hereinafter set out andof which the vertical leg is provided with a pair of projections 17 which, together with the hinge pin 18, and a pair of complementary projections on a member 19 attached to the sleeve 3, provide the hinge 5 aforesaid.

At the corner of this part 4 there is the usual weight 20 which contributes to the preventing of the rotation of the bobbin support with the spindle, said weight being set as far back as possible so as to counterbalance to some extent the overhang of the bobbin over the end of the spindle.

Attached to the sleeve 3 is a c ap 21 which has a tubular extension 22 which extends into the bore of the spindle as far as the transverse outlet 23 therein, through which outlet the yarn leaves said spindle. Thus there is no possibility of the yarn fouling the bore of the rapidly rotating spindle between the mouth thereof and the said outlet.

Behind the sleeve 3 the spindle carries a disc 24 which rotates with said spindle and acts as a guide for the yarn to extend the balloon thereof to miss the bobbin. Behind this disc the spindle suitable bearing 25 in the vframe and is provided with a. pulley 26 whereby it is driven.

In a complete frame Vor spinning or the like machine provided with spindles according to the foregoing there are preferably two parallel lines of spindles. So that said spindles may be as close together side by side simply extends into a I bearings 16 beas possible without their catenaries, or balloons interfering-to save space lengthways of the frame-we preferably provide a ring 27 carried by an convenient stationary part of the frame, w lich ring is adapted to confine the catenary or balloon within reasonable limits if it should tend to extend beyond such limits. So that the one line of spindles may be as close as possible to the other--to save space sideways of the frame-we preferably provide a ring 28 carried by the obbin support, said ring being adapted to hold the balloon clear of the bobbin when starting up and to enable the take-up point 29 to be brought considerably nearer to said bobbin 'than would be the case if the catenary or balloon extended directly from the edge of the disc 24 to said take-up point.

We will now proceed to describe the means whereby We achieve thecther object of our invention referred to in the preamble, namely whereby the weight of the bobbin is uti-- lized to the best advantage to effect the whole of or the main part of the tension required f -to be applied.

'lhe bobbin 2 rotates under the influence of the unwinding yarn about a tubular spigot 0 secured rigidly as shown, to the bobbin support of which latter the characteristic features have already been referred to, and the provision for mounting the bobbin on this support so as to meet the tensioning requirements of the present invention comprises, in the preferred embodiment, the following arrangement of parts.

Rotatably mounted on the spigot 30 is a sleeve 31 which has at its foot a fixed flange 32 which co-acts upon a felt washer 33 positioned upon a platform 34 encircling the base of said spigot. The sleeve 31 has an extension 35 whereby it makes a bearing with the spigot 30 as shown, thereby to maintain the bobbin centrally about said spigot.

The tube 3G on which the package is made up ts fairly loosely upon the sleeve 31, being keyed thereto at 31a, and presses the flange 32 of said sleeve against the washer 33 thereby to retard the bobbin as it is pulled around by the yarn, and so tension said yarn.

The washer may or may not be fixed to the platform which carries it, as by a suitable kind of cement; if it is not so fixed the platform may be suitably roughened or otherwise adapted to prevent rotation of said washer on said platform.

To ensure that the flange 32 is always correctly aligned with the washer 33 the platform 34 which carries said washer is floatably 1 iounted on the bobbin support, said platform in the preferred arrangement sitting upon a spherical seat 37 formed upon the foot of the spigot 30.

Thus the flange 32 will always sit fiat over the surface of the washer 33 even if said flange should cease to lie at a right angle to4 the axis of the spi ot as by the sleeve 31 or its flange 32 getting ent in usage, or by looseness developing by wear between the extension 35 and the s lgot 30, this bearing being necessarily a fair y loose fit in an case.

To prevent rotation of the atform 34 with the bobbin, said pllatform as a eg 38 whiclr abuts against t e side of the gobbinv su port.

he tension in the yarn may be controlled or adjusted by suitably proportioning the relationship of the radius at which the arn is leavin the bobbin, and the total wel ht of the bbbin (or the frictional retar ation thereof-which is a function of said weight) bobbin meaning the package and everything which rotates with it.

Such control or adjustment may be effected zov for the purpose of maintaining the tensiony constant or substantially so from the beginning to the end of the unwinding of a glven bobbin, hereinafter called a run that is, irrespective of Whether the bobbin is full or nearing exhaustion. Alternatively or in addition, said controlv or ad'ustment may be effected for the purpose o suiting the tension to the requirements of the particular job in hand as hereinafter set out.

We will deal first with the first mentioned l purpose, namely, that of effecting an even tension throughout the run. As the yarn unwinds from the bobbon, from the point of view of diameter of the bobbin, the force required to pull the bobbin round will graduallyA increase as the bobbin reduces in diameter, but from the point of view of friction of the bobbin with its support, the force required to pull the bobbin round will gradually decrease as the bobbin reduces in weight. These two factors tend to neutralize each other to some extent but the theory, propounded by some, that they cancel out completely in all circumstances is incorrect and we have found that the best interaction of the two said effects is dependent upon and may be adjusted by particularly proportioning the dimensional relationship of the spool and the package; spool meaning all the parts which rotate with said package.

The optimum condition, that is an absolutely even tension throughout the run, can be effected by causing the weight-radius ratio of the spool and package to remain constant during the run, that is, by causing the sum of the weight-radius ratio of the spool and weight radius ratio of the package to remain constant, roviding always that the effective radius o the drag washer and the coefficient of friction remain constant.

In general terms, this may be effected by increasing the weight of the spool during unwinding in such a way that this increase to some extent cancels out the decrease in weight of package during unwinding. It may also be effected by making the package of such a shape that its weight considered as a function of its diameter decreasesless rapidly than in the case of a cylindrical package; or again, it may be effect-ed by modifying the density of the cheese during unwinding to obtain the same result as in the last method. These effects are arrived at more specifically as follows:

wig-(W) when F=tension in `yarn p=coeiiicient of friction between drag' washer and spool g r,=eli'ective radius of drag washer R=radius of bobbin lV=weight of yarn-#weight of spool.

Thus for F to remain constant during the whole period of unwinding we must have- (a) ,i and /or 1, varying directly as R while lV remains constant.

(b) ,i and r, remaining constant while R varies directly as W.

To effect (a), a and/or r must be made to vary directly as R, and at the same time the spool must increase in weight during unwinding at the same rat-e as the yarn decreases in weight.

One scheme for carrying (a) into effect consists in varying 7, during unwinding as by using a collapsible drag washer adapted to close up during unwinding, and keeplng W constant by running say water into the spool at the same weight-rate at which the yarn re- (luces.

To ei'ect it is enough to vary W during unwinding in such manner that it decreases at the same rate as R during unwinding.

To do this we may make the cheese of a specifically proportioned shape as hereinafter set out, or we may vary the. density of the package during unwinding as by adjusting the closeness of winding during make-up of the package, or we may vary theweight of the spool during unwinding as set out above, or we may use any combination of these things.

The preferred scheme for carrying out (In) (which. in any case. is also the preferred scheme for eiiecting the optimum evenness of tension throughout the run) is to do the first of these things and use a package 2a shaped as the full or broken lines in Fig. 11. In

this instance the weight of the package c0I1- sidered as a function of its diameter decreases less rapidly than in the case of an ordinary cylindrical package and so maintains the required proportion between R and W.

As this is the preferred embodiment for effecting an even tension throughout the run, when such exactitude is required, we will give a particular example of it.

if the effective radius of the drag washer is 0.75` if the coefficient of friction between said Washer and the spool is 0.3, (said washer being of suitable kind Vof felt), if said spool -tension as between run and has a radius of 0.5 and a weight of grams, and if the package basa length of 3 and a density of 10.7 grams per cubic inch, then if such package is shaped as at 39 in Fig. 11, the tension applied to the yarn will be practically optimum over the whole period of unwinding from full package of about 4 diameter to empty which is the spool diameter of 1. A curve plottedas between radius of package and tension in the yarn is practically a straight line.

Obviously similar shapes of package but varying proportionally as at 40 and 41 in Fig. 11, will give similar results falling away from the their divergence from the shape shown at 39.

Instead of effecting the optimum tensioning condition, we may alternatively use a. package* of, yarn of the normal commercial shape and arrive ata fixed medium proportioning of the spool to the package calculated. to give a tensioning over the whole range of unwinding which will not diverge from the optimum to any appreciable extent. For example, using a package shaped as in Fig. 1, if the effective radius of the drag washer is 0.625, if the coe'llcient of friction between the said washer and the spool is 0.3, (said washer being of a suitable kind of felt if said spool has a radius of 0.5 and a weight of 150 grams and if the package has a len Ah of 3 and a density of 10.7 grams per cu ic inch, rthen the tension applied to the yarn will be sufficiently constant for most practical purposes over the whole period of unwinding from full package of about 5 diameter to approaching empty, which is the spool diameter of 1. curve plotted as between radius of package and.'

tension in the yarn shows only a negligible variance from the optimum straight line.'

Obviously, small alterations of theseproportional values may be made, the `results falling away fromy the above results proportionately to the extent of the alteration made.

We will now deal with the second mentioned purpose for which the aforesaid control or adjustment of tension may be effected` namely, that of suiting the tension to the requirements of the particular job in hand, for example, to suit the following conditions: varying speciied elongations of the yarn: varying counts of yarn: varying foldings: and control of the catenation or balloon which varied with speed.

For this purpose provision is made to predetermine the tension, that is, to alter the run. In the preferred arrangement this is effected by using drag washers of different effective diameter and/or of different effective diameter and/or of different frictional material, for example, cork instead of felt.

If a greater tension is required the washer 33 is removed and substituted by another of greater effective frictional diameter or. of the same diameter but of a material which has a greater friction value. If a lessgnten- 10 for one particular sort of washer. In

standard ty es, however, the latter scheme 'may be use as in production organization on a lar e scale, a stock of units comprising lat orm plus drag washer of standard l5 or o ten-used types may be kept, from which stock most re uirements may be met without waste of time.

It will be apparent that our invention is not limited to doubling or other single operations of that general character as alternatively it may be applied to plural operations, for example, doubling and cabling in one operation. In one arrangement for this, see Fig. 12, when the yarn leaves the spindle 42 instead of being wound on a reel and subsequently passed through .the cabling operation on another machine it passes via suitable rollers 43 directly to a ring doubling spindle or the like 44 which may be of the usual kind; to every three of our spindles (or other number according to the doubled yarns to be cabled) there being one such ring doubling spindle.

Again, our spindle may b e used for the purpose of twisting a plurality o'f yarns or other filaments together in various ways other than common doubling or the like twisting, for example, it may be used to twist one filament about another. In o ne arrangement for this, see Fig. 13, the inner filament 45 is carried on an extension 46 of the part 4 of thel bobbinsupport, and passes directly, without receiving any twist, to rollers 47 while the outer filament 48 goes through our spindle in our usual way. This scheme may be used to produce fancy effects, the foldings and tensions of the respective filaments being arranged so as to give various novel effects; or again, the arrangement may be such that the outer filament wraps closely around the inneras in wrapping wire for the purpose of insulating it. In an alternative scheme for producing fancy effects, both filaments are taken through our spindle, no vel effects being achieved by suitably arranging the respective tensions.

In general, it will be apparent that we may use any convenient number of packages arranged in various ways to produce different effects, those given being merely examples of the purposes to which our spindle may be applied.

It should be understood that we do not confine ourselves to the particular details heieinbeforel set out as for instance, instead n of utiliziii a self-aligning platform 34 as shown in ig. 1, alternatively we may use a fixed platform. Again, we may vary the mounting of the bobbin on the spigot 30- for instance, instead of the sleeve 31 forming a bearing upon the inside of the said spigot, it may form a bearing on the outside thereof. In a further alternative, the sleeve 31 is dispensed with altogether and the tube 36 itself forms a bearing on the spigot 30, said tube bein then flanged at its foot to seat upon the rag washer 33. These alternatives are not illustrated as the form of their embodiment will at ence be apparent to any one skilled in the art. And again, it will be a parent that the spindle 1 is not necessari y disposed absolutely horizontally, alternativel it may be canted to any desired angle.

at we claim is v:

1. Apparatus of the type described which comprises a rotating spindle, a bobbin support mounted on said spindle and freely rotatable relatively thereto, said bobbin support comprising two parts having different and mutually counteracting oscillating phases about the axis of said spindle.

2. A pparatus of the type described which comprises a rotatin spindle, a bobbin support mounted on said spindle and freely rotatable relatively thereto, said bobbin support comprising two parts having different periods of vibration about the axis of said spindle.

3. A bobbin suiport having a pivotal supporting part am a bobbin mounting part, said bob in sup rt having two connected parts of different\ and counteracting phases of oscillation about the pivotal support.

4. A bobbin support having a pivotal supporting part and a bobbin mountin part, and having two connected parts of different periods of oscillation about the pivotal support.

, 5. A bobbin support having a pivotal supi' porting part and a bobbin mounting part and having two oscillating parts of different periods of oscillation relatively to the pivotal support, one of said oscillating parts being indirectly supported from said pivotal supporting part.

6.- A bobbin support comprising a. part having a pivotal support and oscillatable about said support', and a second part mounted on said first part and free to oscillate-relatively thereto.

7. A bobbin support comprising a part, means to pivotally support said part to swing about an axis, and a second part hinged to said iii-st part on an axis substantially parallel to that of said first part.

8. A bobbin support having a part pivotally supported, and a second part connected to said first part by a succession of hinges.

9. A bobbin support comprising a friction less bearing, a part supported on said frictionless bearing and pivoteoll thereon, a second part hinged to said first part, and a bobbin mounting means on said sec-ond part.

10. A bobbin support Which comprises a frictionless bearing, a part mounted 011 and swinging on said rictionless bearing, a second 'part connected to said first part by a iexible connection, and bobbin mounting means on said second part.

11. The apparatus of claim` 10 in which the bobbin supporting means is at right angles to the axis of oscillation.

12. A bobbin support comprising a part having a bushing or sleeveadapted to fit over a spindle, a second part comprising an angle bracket having a vertical leghinged to said iirst part and a horizontal leg, and means to mount a bobbin on said horizontal leg.

13. A bobbin support comprising a part having a bushing to be mounted on a rotating spindle, a second part having a bobbin ca rrying means, and a chain connection between said first and second parts.

14. A bobbin support comprising a bracket having-a bushing adapted to be mounted on a rotating spindle, means for mounting a bobbin on said bracket, and a Weight pivotally supported on saidA bracket.

15. The bobbin support as in Cla-im` 14 in which said weight is suspended'from said bracket by means of a chain.

16. Apparatus of the type described which comprises a rotating spindle, a bobbin support having a bearing mounted on said spindle, a pendulum also journaled on said spindle, said pendulum and said bobbin support.

being connected andindependently movable in different phases through a limited are about the axis of said spindle.

17. Apparatus of the type described which comprises a rotating spindle, a bobbin support comprising a bushing mounted on said spindle, and Weights supported in an arc centered on the axis of said spindle, and having a limited movement relative to and independently of the movement of said bobbin support on the axis of said spindle.

18. Apparatus of the type described which comprises a rotating spindle, a bobbin support having a bearing mounted on said spindle, a pendulum having a bearing mounted on said spindle, said pendulum and said bobbin Asupport having independent and different periods of oscillation about the axis of said spindle, said pendulum and said bobbin support engaging each other at a point spaced from the pivot of said pendulum when they reach a limit of phase difference.

In Witness whereof We have hereunto signed our names.

THOMAS EDWIN ANDREW. MELON LANGSTRETH. 

